What Is Temperature?
This test is carried out within the scope of Chapter 4 (“Temperature and Altitude”) of the RTCA DO-160 “Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment” standard to evaluate the equipment in low and high temperature operation, short-term operation and storage conditions. DO-160 is the exact same text as EUROCAE ED-14 and is recognized by ISO as ISO 7137.
Purpose of Temperature
The aim is to certify that aviation equipment meets the requirements for evaluation of equipment in flight and ground conditions in low and high temperature operation, short-term operation and storage conditions, and to complete the equipment qualification.
Which Products Is Temperature Applied To?
- Avionics units and displays
- In-flight electronic equipment
- Communication and navigation devices
- Cabin and cargo compartment equipment
- Sensors and actuators
In Which Sectors Is Temperature Used?
Standards Related to Temperature
- RTCA DO-160Environmental conditions and test methods in aviation equipment test
- EUROCAE ED-14
- ISO 7137
- EN 50155electronic equipment in railway vehicles test
- EN 50121electromagnetic compatibility in railway applications test
- EN 45545fire safety in railway vehicles test
- IEC 61373vibration and shock in railway vehicle equipment test
Temperature Conditions
- Kategoriler
- A1, A2, B, C, D, E... selected according to the location of the equipment on the aircraft
- low temperature
- Operating and short-term operating temperatures defined by category
- high temperature
- Working, short-term working and ground holding temperatures
- Holding time
- Defined in the standard; temperature stability must be ensured
Equipment for Temperature
- Programmable temperature chamber
- Multi-channel temperature recording
- Function monitoring and load simulator
Sample Requirements for Temperature
- Equipment category must be defined
- Thermocouple locations must be determined
- Function must be checked before the test
Duration of Temperature
Depends on category and holding times; typically one to three business days.
Temperature Procedure
- 1Equipment category and temperature values are determined.
- 2The specimen is placed in the chamber.
- 3Low and high temperature stages are applied.
- 4Function is checked at each stage.
- 5The ground holding phase is carried out.
Temperature Acceptance Criteria
The acceptance criteria are defined in the performance standard of the equipment: continued function at the relevant temperatures and absence of damage after storage.
Evaluation of Results
The choice of category determines the outcome; unheated/unpressurized zone equipment is subject to more severe conditions.
Temperature Report
- Applied standard, revision and Part 4
- Selected equipment category and justification
- Applied conditions and measurement results
- Function monitoring method and observations
- Environmental Qualification Form (DO-160 Environmental Qualification Form) entry
Accreditation
EUROLAB holds internationally recognised accreditation obtained from accreditation bodies party to the IAF and ILAC multilateral recognition arrangements, under ISO/IEC 17025 for laboratory testing, ISO/IEC 17020 for inspection and surveillance, and ISO/IEC 17021-1 and ISO/IEC 17065 for system and product certification. This chain ensures the reports and certificates issued are accepted worldwide.
Whether this test can be offered within accredited scope depends on your product and the standard applied; since accreditation is method-based, the scope is confirmed in writing at the quotation stage.
Scope and authorisationsRelated Regulations
- Aviation equipment qualification requirements
- EASA/FAA certification principles
Demiryolu Testleri — What Does This Testing Field Cover?
The section below describes the field that the Temperature test belongs to; the conditions and acceptance criteria of this particular test are given in the sections above. The scope specific to your product is confirmed in writing at the quotation stage.
Railway testing shows that vehicles and components operate safely and reliably in the rail environment. The character of this family comes from the ASSUMPTION OF LONG LIFE: a rail vehicle is designed for a service life exceeding thirty years and its components remain under vibration, temperature cycling and intensive use throughout that period.
Long life also shapes the component supply chain. Spare parts must remain available for thirty years, electronic components going out of production must be replaced, and every substitution must be re-verified. This takes railways out of a "certify once and carry on" logic.
Fire safety is the most tightly regulated part of the field and runs through the EN 45545 series. The logic of the series rests on the LOCATION OF USE and the OPERATION CATEGORY: a metro running in tunnels and an intercity train do not carry the same risk, and seat fabric and cable are not assessed in the same category. Evacuation time is the main factor setting these categories; because evacuation takes longer in an enclosed tunnel, the material requirements become stricter.
For electronic equipment, EN 50155 is the framework standard and carries environmental, electrical and functional requirements together: supply voltage variations, temperature classes, humidity, vibration and shock. On the vibration and shock side the EN 61373 categories are used and these differ by mounting location — a box mounted on the body and a sensor mounted on the bogie do not go through the same profile.
On electromagnetic compatibility the EN 50121 series applies and addresses a problem peculiar to railways: the traction system switches at very high power and can affect both the systems on board and the signalling along the line. The series therefore carries separate parts for the vehicle, lineside installations and signalling.
For safety-related systems a separate body of work applies, and here the evidence is not testing but PROCESS: EN 50126 (RAMS), EN 50128 (software) and EN 50129 (safety-related electronic systems) define the safety life cycle and the safety integrity levels (SIL). Signalling and brake control systems are assessed within this framework.
On the quality side, the sector's own scheme IRIS (ISO/TS 22163) comes into play; major vehicle manufacturers require this certificate from their suppliers.
On the mechanical structure side, the car body and bogie frame have standards of their own: structural verification under static and fatigue loads, weld quality and crashworthiness. These tests are carried out on full-scale rigs and can take months.
Method groups in this field
Fire safety
Classification of materials and components under EN 45545; the requirement set according to operation and design category.
Electronic equipment
EN 50155 environmental and electrical requirements; supply interruptions, temperature classes, humidity and degree of protection.
Vibration and shock
EN 61373 categories; body, bogie and axle-mounted profiles according to mounting location.
Electromagnetic compatibility
The EN 50121 series: separate parts for the vehicle, lineside installations and signalling.
Safety life cycle
EN 50126 RAMS, EN 50128 software and EN 50129 safety-related systems; SIL determination and the safety case.
Structural verification
Static and fatigue loads on the car body and bogie frame, weld quality, crashworthiness.
Commonly confused in this field
- EN 45545 requirements vary with the location of use and the operation category; there is no single "railway fire class".
- Conformity to EN 50155 does not cover the vibration requirements; EN 61373 is applied in addition.
- A civil EMC report is not sufficient for railways; the EN 50121 series defines a different environment and different limits.
- For safety-related systems, testing alone is not evidence; safety life cycle records are required.
- A component change (even one driven by obsolescence) requires re-verification; in long-life projects this is routine work.
- An IRIS certificate is not a product approval; it is a quality system certificate.
Which decisions these results support
- Vehicle and component approval, operator acceptance processes
- Material selection according to the fire safety category
- The safety case and SIL evidence for safety-related systems
- Supply chain quality certification
- Continuity of component supply and change management
Related Tests
Frequently Asked Questions About Temperature
How is the equipment category determined?
The category is selected based on the equipment's mounting location on the aircraft (pressurized/non-pressurized, heated/unheated area) and aircraft type. Category selection directly determines the test conditions and is declared in the qualification form.
Is there any difference between DO-160 and ED-14?
No. RTCA DO-160 and EUROCAE ED-14 are exactly the same text; the two are considered equivalent.